Health Problems

Cesarean Section History

The history of caesarean section (C-section) dates back as far as Ancient Roman times. Pliny the Elder suggested that Julius Caesar was named after an ancestor who was born by C-section. During this era, the C-section procedure was used to save a baby from the womb of a mother who had died while giving birth. […]

Health Problems

What is Endocrinology?

Clinical endocrinology is a branch of Medicine that deals with the endocrine glands, actions of hormones and their metabolic consequences. Since hormones act on virtually every organ and cell type in the body, the endocrinologist needs to have a definitive knowledge about medicine. Some disorders lie very clearly and totally within the domain of the […]

Health Problems

Hippocampus Physiology

The hippocampus functions in two different modes, each of which have their own specific pattern of neural and electrical activity that can be measured using an electroencephalogram (EEG). These two modes are called the theta mode and the large irregular activity (LIA) mode. The characteristics of each in the case of a rat's brain, are […]

Health Problems

What is Gilbert’s Syndrome?

The liver The liver is essentially like a factory in the body. It carries out many vital functions of metabolism and synthesis of vital enzymes that are necessary for normal life. The liver continues to function even when damaged and has the capacity of regenerating itself when damaged. It can renew large sections of itself […]

Health Problems

What Causes Bursitis?

The term bursitis refers to inflammation and swelling of the bursa, a sac-like structure that forms under the skin to prevent two surfaces from rubbing together and causing damage. There are nearly 160 bursae in the body that cushion the joints and prevent bones, muscles and tendons rubbing together and causing friction related damage. Bursitis […]

Health Problems

Treatment of Graves’ disease

Graves’ disease is a toxic form of hyperthyroidism that may require immediate treatment. Treatment includes antithyroid drugs or medications, radiation therapy with radioactive iodine and surgery. Hyperthyroidism due to Graves’ disease is, in general, easily controlled and safely treated and treatment is almost always successful. However, with most therapies for hyperthyroidism there is an eventual […]

Health Problems

What is Peritonitis?

The organs of the abdominal cavity (stomach, intestine, pancreas, liver, kidney, gallbladder, etc.) are surrounded and supported [held in place] by a 2-layer membrane called the peritoneum. The peritoneum surrounds and supports the organs and protects the abdominal cavity from infectious agents. The outer layer of peritoneum adheres to the abdominal wall while the inner […]

Health Problems

Angiogenesis Types

Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing blood vessels. Angiogenesis may take place in two ways – endothelial sprouting or non-sprouting (intussusceptive). Endothelial sprouting or sprouting angiogenesis Sprouting angiogenesis is the basic mechanism seen in the growth of new blood vessels. It was the first identified form of angiogenesis. It occurs in […]

Health Problems

What is Repetitive strain injury (RSI)?

Repetitive strain injury (RSI) is a common disorder of the upper limbs that occurs mainly due to bad posture at work. There is commonly pain in the nerves, tendons and muscles that occurs due to overuse or repetitive movement. Repetitive strain injury is also known as Cumulative Trauma Disorder (CTD). Causes of RSI RSI is […]

Health Problems

Gastroparesis Causes

Gastroparesis is a long term condition. It leads to inability of the stomach to empty its contents in the intestines. There is usually no blockage but damage to the vagus nerve. The vagus nerve is one of the most important nerves that regulate the muscles of the stomach and intestines and helps in forward propulsion […]