(HealthDay)—In thrombotic antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS), rivaroxaban is not noninferior to dose-adjusted vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), according to a study published online Oct. 15 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.
Josep Ordi-Ros, M.D., Ph.D., from the Vall d’Hebrón Research Institute in Barcelona, Spain, and colleagues conducted a three-year noninferiority trial at six university hospitals in Spain. A total of 190 adults with thrombotic APS were randomly assigned to rivaroxaban or dose-adjusted VKAs.
The researchers found that recurrent thrombosis occurred in 11.6 and 6.3 percent of patients in the rivaroxaban and VKA groups, respectively, after three years of follow-up (risk ratio in the rivaroxaban group, 1.83; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.71 to 4.76). Stroke occurred more often in patients receiving rivaroxaban versus VKAs (nine versus zero events; corrected risk ratio, 19.00; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.12 to 321.9). Major bleeding occurred in 6.3 and 7.4 percent of patients in the rivaroxaban and VKA groups, respectively (risk ratio, 0.86; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.30 to 2.46). Rivaroxaban-treated patients with previous arterial thrombosis, livedo racemosa, or APS-related cardiac valvular disease were more likely to have an increased risk for recurrent thrombosis.
“The primary efficacy analyses could not demonstrate rivaroxaban noninferiority to dose-adjusted VKAs,” the authors write. “In fact, although inconclusive, we found an increased risk for recurrent thrombosis in the rivaroxaban group, with a predominance of arterial thrombotic events and stroke in particular.”
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